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Christiaan Neethling Barnard (* Nov. 8, 1922 – September 2, 2001) was a medical surgeon South African descendant of the Scottish families Baliol and Barnard. Study and obtained his doctorate at the University of Cape Town in exercise .
Course medicine at the University of Cape Town, where he graduated in 1953. Started his career as a medical surgeon general in the Groote Schuur hospital in Cape Town, where his older brother Marius was head of the transplant team.
In 1955 he won a scholarship to join the American University of Minnesota, which in 1958 won the title of doctor specializing in cardiology. Alli was gifted pupil of the prestigious Dr. Owen H. Wangesteen, which he introduced in cardiovascular science, while Dr. Shumway is familiar with the technique of heart transplants in animals, so that upon return from the United States, started to practice for several years with dogs. In 1962 he was appointed chief of thoracic surgery Groote Schuur Hospital, where they practiced before his doctorate.
Had experienced for several years with heart transplants in animals, after the first successful kidney transplant in 1954. Barnard performed the first exercise and health transplant in South Africa in 1959.
Organ transplants were not a novelty at the time. The first kidney transplant is performed by Dr. Varony in 1936. In 1953, Hardy performed the first lung transplant on a patient with cancer, and in 1954 Murray achieving successful kidney transplant twins, doing a triple transplant in 1967 of kidney, pancreas and duodenum. In 1964, Hardy said the heart transplant of a chimpanzee to a man who died after one hour by the lower volume of organo ape.
Initially working in the Groote Schurr Hospital in Cape Town, and later moved to the United States where he specializes in cardiovascular surgery. He was a professor at the University of Cape Town since 1963, and globally known for carrying out the Dec. 3, 1967 the first heart transplant in the history of surgery in the year 1967.
That December 3, 1967, a press release that collected all the teletype surprise to the world: a South African doctor had performed the first heart transplant of a human being. The recipient was Louis Washkansky, a businessman, and optimistic burly man of fifty-six years gone by an irreversible cardiac problem, which it joined an acute diabetes. The donor, Denise Darvall, a young clerk of twenty-five years along with his mother hit by a car.
The operation, carried out by a team of twenty surgeons under the direction of Barnard, hard six hours. At the wake, Washkansky declare that core training she felt much better with the new heart. Doctor and patient left catapulted to fame, though eighteen days later, the early morning of December 21, the patient died of pneumonia induced by the immunosuppressive treatment that should be taken.
On January 2, 1968 performed the second transplant. This time the recipient was Dr. Philip Blaiberg, and the donor, the mulatto Clive Haupt. The heart of a black LVL over 563 days in the body of a white. Since that time, in the midst of a controversy that did not cease to respect the bioethics of such interventions (