“Cleaning the blood”

“Cleaning the blood” and “caste” in Spain and its colonies Main article: Statutes of limpieza The caste system based on the doctrine of “blood cleansing” imposed by Spain in America, established differences in social roles guaranteeing the supremacy of the aristocracy. The purity of blood, this is a system of discrimination based on Catholic theology and Aristotle’s arguments, which appeared in the fourteenth century in Spain in the modern age. The “caste” or “crosses” (mestizos, mulattoes, thoroughbred, etc.). Were a tiered classification system for people who were not of “pure race” created by Spain to its colonies, from the doctrine of limpieza. The purity of blood was used initially to persecute the Jews and then to segregate the Spanish who wanted to settle in America and the Indians and Negroes and their descendants.After the order of expulsion of Sephardic Jews, many Jews converted to Catholicism in order to enjoy the same rights as Christians. It was then came the “statutes of purity of blood”, that established the “research” genealogy of people, with claims of privilege, in order to determine whether they had “blood” Jewish, “raspberry” or heretic, preventing in these cases the income to schools, military locations, monasteries, town councils and the Inquisition.In this sense it is said that for the first time in history, used the concepts of “race” and “blood” as a strategy of exclusion, researchers disagree about the fact that a connection between medieval notions ” race “and” blood “, which included the old Christians, with the contemporary meaning of these terms. The theology that inspired the doctrine of purity of blood, was also used as a justification of the Spanish domination over the former indigenous civilizations. But this dichotomy of Spanish and indigenous changed later. In the Spanish colonies in America, established a social stratification system roles and privileges established between two large clean blood groups (whites, Indians and African slaves) and mixed blood (Breeds miscegenation between whites, Indians and blacks).Within the most privileged clean blood were the Spanish under the statutes of purity of blood to settle in America, it was generally a previously aristocratic class, in between the indigenous nobility was the fruit of the oldest alliances, which was in a situation similar to the Spanish gentleman, and also depended on their economic position, finally the most concerned were black African slaves. With regard to the colonial caste, they were the mestizo people born of unions between whites, Indians and blacks, for whom a detailed classification was established called “castes” and the attribution of roles. The Peruvian historian Alberto Flores Galindo, with his work Buscando un Inca: identidad y utopia in the Andes, was among the first to reveal the processes of racism in Latin America and its roots in the colonial order, particularly in Peru . YHYerushalmi has pointed out that the ideology of purity of blood is the first history of modern racism, using the term “protorracismo.” For his part, Cecil Roth compares this doctrine with the racial anti-Semitism of the Nazi regime, “by treating and then withdraw because of the differences between “racial anti-Semitism” Spanish described by Roth and “Nazi anti-Semitism.” Max Sebastian Hering Torres published in 2006 in German, the book Rassismus in der Vormoderne. Die ‘Reinheit des blut’ in Spanien der fr hen Neuzeit (Racism in pre-modernity. Cleaning of blood in Spain in the early Middle Ages), which examines the persecution of the Jews in Spain by the principle of purity of blood from 1391 to 1674.”Hering concluded that the cleaning system of blood can be designated as” racial anti-Semitism ‘is racist because it plays a role similar to modern marginalization, and anti-Jewish because its theological foundations Aristotelian belongs to a tradition prior to the Modern Age ” . Zandra Pedraza Gomez highlights the fact that Hering does not analyze “the practice and the representations of this ideology in the Spanish colonies, where the purity of blood along with other early anthropological arguments were used to judge the differences of indigenous groups , order the catechism, arrange for their workforce and the growing population control mestizo and Creole “, proposing the need for further study in this direction, of the fundamental role played by racism in the emergence of a capitalist world system colonialist. In the Spanish colonies in America, mestizaje was a paradoxical process, while prohibited mass.